Assessment of Reproductive Hormones, Thyroid Function, and Vitamin D Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Baghdad City

AMH and Some Biochemical Variables on PCOS

Section: Research Article
Issue
Vol. 35 No. 4 (2026): Volume 35, Issue 4
Pages
1-7

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting 8–13% of women of reproductive age. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has emerged as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker due to its association with ovarian reserve and follicular dysfunction. This case-control study investigated the diagnostic value of AMH and related hormonal markers in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).


Methods: This case–control study included 80 women (40 diagnosed with PCOS and 40 healthy controls) recruited from three medical centers in Baghdad between September and December 2024. Serum levels of AMH, LH, FSH, prolactin, TSH, and vitamin D3 were measured. Statistical analysis included group comparisons, Pearson correlation, and ROC curve analysis.


Results: Women with PCOS had significantly higher BMI, LH levels, LH/FSH ratio, and AMH concentrations compared with controls (p < 0.001). Vitamin D3 levels were significantly lower in the PCOS group. No significant differences were observed in FSH, prolactin, or TSH levels. AMH demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance with high sensitivity and specificity.


Conclusion: Elevated AMH, along with increased LH/LH-FSH ratio and reduced vitamin D3 levels, characterizes women with PCOS. AMH appears to be a strong diagnostic biomarker and may reflect disease severity

Keywords:

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), Ovarian Reserve, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Vitamin D3.

References

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Authors

Zeina Abdul-Ella

Chemistry and biochemistry Department/College of Medicine/Al-Nahrain University/ Baghdad/Iraq

Aseel Hassan Qitan

Biotechnology Research Center/ AL-Nahrain University, Iraq

Bayadir Abdul Hussein Mahameed

Al-Nahrain University /College of Medicine / Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry

Diyar Adel Lateef

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq

Identifiers

DOI: 10.33899/jes.v35i4.56003

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[1]
“Assessment of Reproductive Hormones, Thyroid Function, and Vitamin D Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Baghdad City : AMH and Some Biochemical Variables on PCOS”, JES, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 1–7, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.33899/jes.v35i4.56003.
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How to Cite

[1]
“Assessment of Reproductive Hormones, Thyroid Function, and Vitamin D Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Baghdad City : AMH and Some Biochemical Variables on PCOS”, JES, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 1–7, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.33899/jes.v35i4.56003.