Spread and Distribution Antibiotics and Heavy Metals Resistance and Virulence Factors Possession in some Members of Enterobacteria Isolated from Various Sources

This study was conducted in an attempt to investigate the spread and the distribution of antibiotics and heavy metals resistance characteristic and virulence factors possession in some Enterobacteria Escherichia coli & Salmonella typhimurium isolated from various sources. The results of antibiotics sensitivity test showed a clear variation in the distribution and the spread of the resistance feature these antibiotics whether in the isolates from the same source or within different sources for both E. coli and S. typhimurium. Moreover, most of the isolates showed multiple resistance feature against the antibiotics and resistance against Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Erythromycin was the most common amongst the studied isolates. The heavy metals(CuSo4,CoCl2,NiCl2,CdCl2 and HgCl2) sensitivity results showed a clear resistance against these metals salts and the highest percentage of the E. coli and the S. typhimurium was against NiCl2 which was (93.3%) and (73.3%) respectively. Also the distribution and the spread of this feature was variant based on the isolate and the source of the isolate. From the results of investigating some virulence factors (Haemolysin, Protease, Urease and Gelatinase) results showed that the production of Haemolysin was common amongst many isolates of the two types of bacteria and the same was for the Protease in the Escherichia coli. The distribution of the virulence factors varied according to the isolates and the sources of these isolates, while results showed that the isolates do not have the other studied virulence factors .