Psychosocial Burdens among Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses both physical and psychosocial challenges for pregnant women, especially in developing regions like Mosul, Iraq. This study investigates the emotional burden and psychosocial outcomes among women diagnosed with GDM.Objective: To assess levels of stress, anxiety, depression, diabetes-related distress, and perceived social support, and to examine how pregnancy experiences mediate psychological outcomes among women with GDM.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Mosul City, including 100 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. Data was collected using validated tools: DASS-21 for psychological symptoms, PAID-5 for diabetes-related distress, PSSS for perceived social support, and PES-1 for pregnancy experiences. Sociodemographic, reproductive, and clinical information was also obtained.Results: 41% experienced depression and anxiety, 40% reported moderate to severe stress, and 40% had high diabetes-related distress. Social support was moderate to high in 61% of participants. Older age, obesity, low education, rural residence, and unplanned pregnancies were linked to higher psychological burden.Conclusion: Pregnant women with GDM face a significant psychological burden influenced by social support, pregnancy experience, and demographic factors. The study emphasizes the need for holistic, integrated care models.