Khattab, Edham. “Education in the Umayyad State 41-132AH./ 702-749A.D”. Journal of Education for the Humanities 2, no. 6 (March 1, 2022): 355–380. Accessed September 10, 2025. https://edusj.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/jeh/article/view/43261.