Spatial Analysis of Sanitation Services in the Al-Hamdaniya district center Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Sanitation services are one of the most essential needs for human health. In recent years, they have received significant attention from international and global organizations as they are one of its goals and their connection with key indicators that signify the progress of nations.The aim of the study at hand is to evaluate the current state of sanitation services in the Al-Hamdaniya district center and their geographic distribution for extending their goals to other administrative units in Nineveh Governorate. This aim will be achieved by assessing their adequacy and efficiency based on planning standards and identifying the natural and human factors that affecting them. In addition, it aims to determine whether these services are efficient and sufficient for the residents of Al-Hamdaniya, and proposing the necessary natural means in order to improve them in the future.The problem addressed in the study lies in the deficiencies in Al-Hamdaniyas sewage system, which have led to several issues, such as the inability of the system to cover most of the citys streets, especially during heavy rainfall. This study provides a future vision for the development of the sewage system, taking into account the citys urban expansion and population growth.This study has found that there are several issues in the current sewage networks, such as the roughness of the internal surfaces of the pipes leads to the accumulation of sediment and dirt, which lead to narrowing the pipes and sometimes causing blockages. In addition, the lack of social awareness and misuse of the system by residents, who often throw debris and waste away into the manholes or channel of their household sewage into the network could be considered as another reason. The study at hand also has revealed the absence of a proper wastewater disposal system for both categories: storm water and heavy wastewater, indicating a lack of networks for managing black wastewater.The researchers propose that converting the Naqourtaya stream into a box culvert would improve the sewage system in the city and replacing the current absorption pits (septic tanks) into a fully integrated sewage system. Additionally, establishing a treatment plant for this type of water outside the boundaries of Al-Hamdaniya Municipality.