The geographical distribution of cancer cases in Dohuk Governorate for the year (2003-2024)

The geographical distribution of cancer patients varies spatially from one region to another and temporally over different periods. This variation is attributed to several natural and human factors. The study examines five types of cancer: breast cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia, covering the period from 2003 to 2024 at the district level in Duhok Governorate.The data indicate a significant increase in cancer incidence rates in Duhok Governorate between 2003 and 2024, particularly in lung cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia. Studies have shown that this rise is closely linked to environmental factors, especially pollution resulting from industrial activities. The number of cancer cases has continued to rise throughout the study period, with a total of 342 cases recorded in 2003, compared to 1,508 cases in 2024. This alarming increase reflects the deterioration of both health and environmental conditions affecting the population.