Sami Al-Hayali, Mohammed, and Fawziya Mahmood Ramo. “Artificial Intelligence for Smoking Detection: A Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches”. AL-Rafidain Journal of Computer Sciences and Mathematics 19, no. 1 (June 1, 2025): 1–17. Accessed September 9, 2025. https://edusj.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/csmj/article/view/49407.